The title grand duke (in Latin, magnus dux; in Spanish, gran duque; in Russian, Великий Герцог; in German, Großherzog, Italian gran duca; in French, grand-duc; in Portuguese, grão-duque; in Finnish, suurherttua; in Polish, wielki książę; in Hungarian, nagyherceg;in Swedish, storhertig; in Dutch, groothertog; in Danish, storhertug, in Lithuanian, didysis kunigaikštis; Czech velkovévoda or velkokníže) used in Western Europe and particularly in Germanic countries for provincial sovereigns, is of a protocolary rank below king but higher than a sovereign duke.
The feminine form is grand duchess. A grand duke's territory is called a grand duchy.
Grand duke is the usual and established translation of grand prince in languages which do not have separate words meaning prince for (1) children of a monarch, and (2) monarch (sovereign or like) princes. English and French use Grand Duke also in this way.
The title grand duke as translation of grand prince and the proper title grand duke have clearly different meanings and a separate background. Compare with the article grand prince
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Subject: The Grand Duke.